Plugin implementation of the 'field_test_default' formatter.
@Plugin(
  id = "field_test_default",
  module = "field_test",
  label = @Translation("Default"),
  description = @Translation("Default formatter"),
  field_types = {
    "test_field"
  },
  settings = {
    "test_formatter_setting" = "dummy test string"
  }
)
Expanded class hierarchy of TestFieldDefaultFormatter
class TestFieldDefaultFormatter extends FormatterBase {
  /**
   * Implements Drupal\field\Plugin\Type\Formatter\FormatterInterface::settingsForm().
   */
  public function settingsForm(array $form, array &$form_state) {
    $element['test_formatter_setting'] = array(
      '#title' => t('Setting'),
      '#type' => 'textfield',
      '#size' => 20,
      '#default_value' => $this
        ->getSetting('test_formatter_setting'),
      '#required' => TRUE,
    );
    return $element;
  }
  /**
   * Implements Drupal\field\Plugin\Type\Formatter\FormatterInterface::settingsForm().
   */
  public function settingsSummary() {
    return t('@setting: @value', array(
      '@setting' => 'test_formatter_setting',
      '@value' => $this
        ->getSetting('test_formatter_setting'),
    ));
  }
  /**
   * Implements Drupal\field\Plugin\Type\Formatter\FormatterInterface::viewElements().
   */
  public function viewElements(EntityInterface $entity, $langcode, array $items) {
    $elements = array();
    foreach ($items as $delta => $item) {
      $elements[$delta] = array(
        '#markup' => $this
          ->getSetting('test_formatter_setting') . '|' . $item['value'],
      );
    }
    return $elements;
  }
}