General class for an abstracted INSERT query.
Expanded class hierarchy of InsertQuery
class InsertQuery extends Query {
/**
* The table on which to insert.
*
* @var string
*/
protected $table;
/**
* An array of fields on which to insert.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $insertFields = array();
/**
* An array of fields that should be set to their database-defined defaults.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $defaultFields = array();
/**
* A nested array of values to insert.
*
* $insertValues is an array of arrays. Each sub-array is either an
* associative array whose keys are field names and whose values are field
* values to insert, or a non-associative array of values in the same order
* as $insertFields.
*
* Whether multiple insert sets will be run in a single query or multiple
* queries is left to individual drivers to implement in whatever manner is
* most appropriate. The order of values in each sub-array must match the
* order of fields in $insertFields.
*
* @var array
*/
protected $insertValues = array();
/**
* A SelectQuery object to fetch the rows that should be inserted.
*
* @var SelectQueryInterface
*/
protected $fromQuery;
/**
* Constructs an InsertQuery object.
*
* @param DatabaseConnection $connection
* A DatabaseConnection object.
* @param string $table
* Name of the table to associate with this query.
* @param array $options
* Array of database options.
*/
public function __construct($connection, $table, array $options = array()) {
if (!isset($options['return'])) {
$options['return'] = Database::RETURN_INSERT_ID;
}
parent::__construct($connection, $options);
$this->table = $table;
}
/**
* Adds a set of field->value pairs to be inserted.
*
* This method may only be called once. Calling it a second time will be
* ignored. To queue up multiple sets of values to be inserted at once,
* use the values() method.
*
* @param $fields
* An array of fields on which to insert. This array may be indexed or
* associative. If indexed, the array is taken to be the list of fields.
* If associative, the keys of the array are taken to be the fields and
* the values are taken to be corresponding values to insert. If a
* $values argument is provided, $fields must be indexed.
* @param $values
* An array of fields to insert into the database. The values must be
* specified in the same order as the $fields array.
*
* @return InsertQuery
* The called object.
*/
public function fields(array $fields, array $values = array()) {
if (empty($this->insertFields)) {
if (empty($values)) {
if (!is_numeric(key($fields))) {
$values = array_values($fields);
$fields = array_keys($fields);
}
}
$this->insertFields = $fields;
if (!empty($values)) {
$this->insertValues[] = $values;
}
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Adds another set of values to the query to be inserted.
*
* If $values is a numeric-keyed array, it will be assumed to be in the same
* order as the original fields() call. If it is associative, it may be
* in any order as long as the keys of the array match the names of the
* fields.
*
* @param $values
* An array of values to add to the query.
*
* @return InsertQuery
* The called object.
*/
public function values(array $values) {
if (is_numeric(key($values))) {
$this->insertValues[] = $values;
}
else {
// Reorder the submitted values to match the fields array.
foreach ($this->insertFields as $key) {
$insert_values[$key] = $values[$key];
}
// For consistency, the values array is always numerically indexed.
$this->insertValues[] = array_values($insert_values);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Specifies fields for which the database defaults should be used.
*
* If you want to force a given field to use the database-defined default,
* not NULL or undefined, use this method to instruct the database to use
* default values explicitly. In most cases this will not be necessary
* unless you are inserting a row that is all default values, as you cannot
* specify no values in an INSERT query.
*
* Specifying a field both in fields() and in useDefaults() is an error
* and will not execute.
*
* @param $fields
* An array of values for which to use the default values
* specified in the table definition.
*
* @return InsertQuery
* The called object.
*/
public function useDefaults(array $fields) {
$this->defaultFields = $fields;
return $this;
}
/**
* Sets the fromQuery on this InsertQuery object.
*
* @param SelectQueryInterface $query
* The query to fetch the rows that should be inserted.
*
* @return InsertQuery
* The called object.
*/
public function from(SelectQueryInterface $query) {
$this->fromQuery = $query;
return $this;
}
/**
* Executes the insert query.
*
* @return
* The last insert ID of the query, if one exists. If the query
* was given multiple sets of values to insert, the return value is
* undefined. If no fields are specified, this method will do nothing and
* return NULL. That makes it safe to use in multi-insert loops.
*/
public function execute() {
// If validation fails, simply return NULL. Note that validation routines
// in preExecute() may throw exceptions instead.
if (!$this
->preExecute()) {
return NULL;
}
// If we're selecting from a SelectQuery, finish building the query and
// pass it back, as any remaining options are irrelevant.
if (!empty($this->fromQuery)) {
$sql = (string) $this;
// The SelectQuery may contain arguments, load and pass them through.
return $this->connection
->query($sql, $this->fromQuery
->getArguments(), $this->queryOptions);
}
$last_insert_id = 0;
// Each insert happens in its own query in the degenerate case. However,
// we wrap it in a transaction so that it is atomic where possible. On many
// databases, such as SQLite, this is also a notable performance boost.
$transaction = $this->connection
->startTransaction();
try {
$sql = (string) $this;
foreach ($this->insertValues as $insert_values) {
$last_insert_id = $this->connection
->query($sql, $insert_values, $this->queryOptions);
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
// One of the INSERTs failed, rollback the whole batch.
$transaction
->rollback();
// Rethrow the exception for the calling code.
throw $e;
}
// Re-initialize the values array so that we can re-use this query.
$this->insertValues = array();
// Transaction commits here where $transaction looses scope.
return $last_insert_id;
}
/**
* Implements PHP magic __toString method to convert the query to a string.
*
* @return string
* The prepared statement.
*/
public function __toString() {
// Create a sanitized comment string to prepend to the query.
$comments = $this->connection
->makeComment($this->comments);
// Default fields are always placed first for consistency.
$insert_fields = array_merge($this->defaultFields, $this->insertFields);
if (!empty($this->fromQuery)) {
return $comments . 'INSERT INTO {' . $this->table . '} (' . implode(', ', $insert_fields) . ') ' . $this->fromQuery;
}
// For simplicity, we will use the $placeholders array to inject
// default keywords even though they are not, strictly speaking,
// placeholders for prepared statements.
$placeholders = array();
$placeholders = array_pad($placeholders, count($this->defaultFields), 'default');
$placeholders = array_pad($placeholders, count($this->insertFields), '?');
return $comments . 'INSERT INTO {' . $this->table . '} (' . implode(', ', $insert_fields) . ') VALUES (' . implode(', ', $placeholders) . ')';
}
/**
* Preprocesses and validates the query.
*
* @return
* TRUE if the validation was successful, FALSE if not.
*
* @throws FieldsOverlapException
* @throws NoFieldsException
*/
public function preExecute() {
// Confirm that the user did not try to specify an identical
// field and default field.
if (array_intersect($this->insertFields, $this->defaultFields)) {
throw new FieldsOverlapException('You may not specify the same field to have a value and a schema-default value.');
}
if (!empty($this->fromQuery)) {
// We have to assume that the used aliases match the insert fields.
// Regular fields are added to the query before expressions, maintain the
// same order for the insert fields.
// This behavior can be overridden by calling fields() manually as only the
// first call to fields() does have an effect.
$this
->fields(array_merge(array_keys($this->fromQuery
->getFields()), array_keys($this->fromQuery
->getExpressions())));
}
else {
// Don't execute query without fields.
if (count($this->insertFields) + count($this->defaultFields) == 0) {
throw new NoFieldsException('There are no fields available to insert with.');
}
}
// If no values have been added, silently ignore this query. This can happen
// if values are added conditionally, so we don't want to throw an
// exception.
if (!isset($this->insertValues[0]) && count($this->insertFields) > 0 && empty($this->fromQuery)) {
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
}
Name | Modifiers | Type | Description | Overrides |
---|---|---|---|---|
InsertQuery:: |
protected | property | An array of fields that should be set to their database-defined defaults. | |
InsertQuery:: |
protected | property | A SelectQuery object to fetch the rows that should be inserted. | |
InsertQuery:: |
protected | property | An array of fields on which to insert. | |
InsertQuery:: |
protected | property | A nested array of values to insert. | |
InsertQuery:: |
protected | property | The table on which to insert. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function |
Executes the insert query. Overrides Query:: |
3 |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function | Adds a set of field->value pairs to be inserted. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function | Sets the fromQuery on this InsertQuery object. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function | Preprocesses and validates the query. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function | Specifies fields for which the database defaults should be used. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function | Adds another set of values to the query to be inserted. | |
InsertQuery:: |
public | function |
Constructs an InsertQuery object. Overrides Query:: |
|
InsertQuery:: |
public | function |
Implements PHP magic __toString method to convert the query to a string. Overrides Query:: |
3 |
Query:: |
protected | property | An array of comments that can be prepended to a query. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | The connection object on which to run this query. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | The key of the connection object. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | The target of the connection object. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | The placeholder counter. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | The query options to pass on to the connection object. | |
Query:: |
protected | property | A unique identifier for this query object. | |
Query:: |
public | function | Adds a comment to the query. | |
Query:: |
public | function | Returns a reference to the comments array for the query. | |
Query:: |
public | function |
Gets the next placeholder value for this query object. Overrides QueryPlaceholderInterface:: |
|
Query:: |
public | function |
Returns a unique identifier for this object. Overrides QueryPlaceholderInterface:: |
|
Query:: |
public | function | Implements the magic __clone function. | 1 |
Query:: |
public | function | Implements the magic __sleep function to disconnect from the database. | |
Query:: |
public | function | Implements the magic __wakeup function to reconnect to the database. |